- bad luck
- old age
- overuse
- genetics
- overtraining
- not wearing supportive shoes
- running or jumping on hard surfaces
- nutritional deficiencies
- poor technique
- not cross training
- incorrect warm-up
Joint centration is another way to saying optimal joint alignment. This is the most beneficial or optimal alignment of the joint surfaces to properly support the body and external forces and allow the desired movement. Joint centration allows balanced distribution of loads on the joint surfaces and supporting structures.